Eccoci finalmente al 10 settembre 2008. E cosa sarà mai successo di così importante oggi ? Ebbene, questa mattina alle 10.30 circa ora italiana, al CERN di Ginevra (Svizzera) nell' LHC finalmente sono stati fatti girare i primi fasci di particelle. Tanto per cambiare in barba a tutte le previsioni apocalittiche, non è successo nulla di strano, nessun buco nero, nessuna terra risucchiata (ma d'altronde non siamo ancora al 2012;)), no universe destroyed. I understand that the LHC data can strike a bit 'of reverential respect, but there is nothing to worry about, despite being an underground facility in the form of a ring from the total length of 27 km, consisting predominantly of superconducting magnets, with different acceleration structures to increase the energy of the particles are accelerated inside the ring.
In essence, the accelerator into two beams of particles travel at near the speed of light and with very high energies before they collide with each other. Theoretically you can get with this accelerator at energies of about 7 TeV (tera-electron volts). That way you do not understand very well what you're talking about, and there seems to be something strange when you consider that 7 TeV is equivalent to something like 1.1214 * 10 ^ (-6) J (Joule). Now a Joule is equal to 1 N * m (Newton meter), and practically is the work that must be committed against gravity to lift an apple approximately 102 g of a meter. That energy seems so ridiculously low, but this energy is applied to an elementary particle mass even more ridiculous, ergo if you do a simple un'ogetto proportion with the size of a millimeter, the amount of energy per unit mass perceive that the oject in question is a number with lots of zeros. The two beams travel in accelerating this course in opposite directions in two separate pipelines, both maintained at a vacuum ultra-high (approximately 10 ^ (-7) Pa). The beams in question are guided along the structure by a powerful magnetic field generated by superconducting magnets: Practice of powerful electromagnets by winding costisuite Cengio made special cables that operate under the superconductivity (and therefore almost no energy dissipation and a resistance to almost anything) , in temperatures that hover around the 0:15 K (-273 ° C). Practically since the gravitational antenna INFN Frascati (RM) and CERN (Geneva, Switzerland) is one of the LHC posti più freddi dell'intero universo. Per mantenere temperature così basse l'intero impianto è raffreddato ad elio liquido (eghm si, proprio quello che viene usato per gonfiare i palloncini alle feste, solo un tantinello più freddo), e richiede un'infrastruttura non indifferente. Tanto per citare qualche dato: per il confinamento dei fasci, vengono usate 1232 magneti bipolari lunghi 15 m circa usati per piegare il fascio, e 392 magneti quadripolari lunghi 5-7 m usati per la focalizzazione dei fasci. Oltre a questi vengono usati anche altri magneti speciali per restringere il facio prima della collisione, insomma le particelle sono estremamente piccole e più il fascio è stretto più ci sono probabilità di avere delle collisioni, just to give you an idea what you are doing is tantamount to accelerating firing needles from two positions 10 kilometers away with such precision that they meet half way.
short, a great job of equally great importance, because the results of this research could eventually contribute significantly to the creation of a unified theory (remember that quantum physics literally gets into fights with General Relativity), and possibly confirm or deny String Theory. References:
Official site 'LHC
LHC News
WorldWide LHC Computing Grid Personal Website of Marco Delmastro (physicist working at the 'LHC)
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